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国际卫生条例(2005 年)

(IHR 2005) Emergency Committee on Zika virus and observed increase in neurological disorders and neonatal malformations

[日期:2009-05-13] 来源:WHO  作者:ecphf录入 [字体: ]
为了健康

WHO statement on the first meeting of the International Health Regulations (2005) (IHR 2005) Emergency Committee on Zika virus and observed increase in neurological disorders and neonatal malformations

WHO statement
1 February 2016

The first meeting of the Emergency Committee (EC) convened by the Director-General under the International Health Regulations (2005) (IHR 2005) regarding clusters of microcephaly cases and other neurological disorders in some areas affected by Zika virus was held by teleconference on 1 February 2016, from 13:10 to 16:55 Central European Time.

The WHO Secretariat briefed the Committee on the clusters of microcephaly and Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) that have been temporally associated with Zika virus transmission in some settings. The Committee was provided with additional data on the current understanding of the history of Zika virus, its spread, clinical presentation and epidemiology.

The following States Parties provided information on a potential association between microcephaly and other neurological disorders with Zika virus: Brazil, France, United States of America, and El Salvador.

The Committee advised that the recent cluster of microcephaly cases and other neurological disorders reported in Brazil, following a similar cluster in French Polynesia in 2014, constitutes a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC).

The Committee provided the following advice to the Director-General for her consideration to address the PHEIC (clusters of microcephaly and other neurological disorders) and their possible association with Zika virus, in accordance with IHR (2005).

Microcephaly and other neurological disorders

  • Surveillance for microcephaly and GBS should be standardized and enhanced, particularly in areas of known Zika virus transmission and areas at risk of such transmission.
  • Research into the etiology of new clusters of microcephaly and other neurological disorders should be intensified to determine whether there is a causative link to Zika virus and/or other factors or co-factors.

As these clusters have occurred in areas newly infected with Zika virus, and in keeping with good public health practice and the absence of another explanation for these clusters, the Committee highlights the importance of aggressive measures to reduce infection with Zika virus, particularly among pregnant women and women of childbearing age.

As a precautionary measure, the Committee made the following additional recommendations:

Zika virus transmission

  • Surveillance for Zika virus infection should be enhanced, with the dissemination of standard case definitions and diagnostics to at-risk areas.
  • The development of new diagnostics for Zika virus infection should be prioritized to facilitate surveillance and control measures.
  • Risk communications should be enhanced in countries with Zika virus transmission to address population concerns, enhance community engagement, improve reporting, and ensure application of vector control and personal protective measures.
  • Vector control measures and appropriate personal protective measures should be aggressively promoted and implemented to reduce the risk of exposure to Zika virus.
  • Attention should be given to ensuring women of childbearing age and particularly pregnant women have the necessary information and materials to reduce risk of exposure.
  • Pregnant women who have been exposed to Zika virus should be counselled and followed for birth outcomes based on the best available information and national practice and policies.

Longer-term measures

  • Appropriate research and development efforts should be intensified for Zika virus vaccines, therapeutics and diagnostics.
  • In areas of known Zika virus transmission health services should be prepared for potential increases in neurological syndromes and/or congenital malformations.

Travel measures

  • There should be no restrictions on travel or trade with countries, areas and/or territories with Zika virus transmission.
  • Travellers to areas with Zika virus transmission should be provided with up to date advice on potential risks and appropriate measures to reduce the possibility of exposure to mosquito bites.
  • Standard WHO recommendations regarding disinsection of aircraft and airports should be implemented.

Data sharing

  • National authorities should ensure the rapid and timely reporting and sharing of information of public health importance relevant to this PHEIC.
  • Clinical, virologic and epidemiologic data related to the increased rates of microcephaly and/or GBS, and Zika virus transmission, should be rapidly shared with WHO to facilitate international understanding of the these events, to guide international support for control efforts, and to prioritize further research and product development.

Based on this advice the Director-General declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) on 1 February 2016. The Director-General endorsed the Committee’s advice and issued them as Temporary Recommendations under IHR (2005). The Director-General thanked the Committee Members and Advisors for their advice.


For further information please contact:

Gregory Hartl
Telephone: +41 22 791 4458
Mobile: +41 79 203 6715
E-mail: hartlg@who.int

Christian Lindmeier
Telephone: +41 22 791 1948
Mobile: +41 79 5006552
E-mail: lindmeierch@who.int

Tarik Jasarevic
Telephone: +41 22 791 5099
Mobile: +41 79 367 6214
E-mail: jasarevict@who.int

【内容导航】
第1页:第一编 定义、目的以及范围、原则和负责当局 第2页:第二编 信息和公共卫生应对措施
第3页:第三编 建议 第4页:第四编 入境口岸
第5页:第五编 公共卫生措施 第6页:第六编 卫生文件
第7页:第七编 收费 第8页:第八编 一般条款
第9页:第九编 《国际卫生条例》专家名册、突发事件委员会和审查委员会 第10页:第十编 最终条款
第11页:附 件 第12页:附件一A. 监测和应对的核心能力要求 B. 指定机场、港口和陆地过境点的核心能力要求
第13页:附件二评估和通报可能构成国际关注的突发公共卫生情况的事件的决策文件 第14页:附件三船舶免于卫生控制证书/船舶卫生控制证书示范格式
第15页:附件四对交通工具和交通工具运营者的技术要求 第16页:附件五针对媒介传播疾病的特定措施
第17页:附件六疫苗接种、预防措施和相关证书 第18页:附件七对于特殊疾病的疫苗接种或预防措施要求
第19页:附件八海事健康申报单示范格式 第20页:附件九飞机总申报单的卫生部分
第21页: (IHR 2005) Emergency Committee on Zika virus and observed increase in neurological disorders and neonatal malformations
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